Figure 2

Penguin-specific duplications of keratinocyte β-keratin genes. (A) Numbers of keratinocyte β-keratin genes in the two penguins and other birds. Error bars indicate standard deviations. P-values were calculated by phylogenetic ANOVA. (B) Phylogenetic cladogram of keratinocyte β-keratin genes of the Adélie penguin (PYGAD, in blue), emperor penguin (APTFO, in red), and five aquatic relatives (northern fulmar, FULGL; crested ibis, NIPNI; great cormorant, PHACA; little egret, EGRGA; dalmatian pelican, PELCR). Shading in the tree indicates putative penguin-specific gene duplication events.